Geopolitical tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm xyoo tas los no tau ua phem rau Ukrainian steel kev lag luam.World Steel Association cov txheeb cais qhia tau hais tias nyob rau hauv lub qub Soviet Union, Ukraine lub crude steel ntau lawm nruab nrab ntau tshaj 50 lab tonnes ib xyoo;los ntawm 2021, nws cov khoom siv roj av tau poob mus rau 21.4 lab tonnes.Kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm thaj chaw, qee qhov ntawm Ukraine lub steel mills tau raug rhuav tshem, thiab nws cov hlau tsis huv hauv xyoo 2022 kuj poob rau 6.3 lab tonnes, poob txog li 71%.Raws li lub koom haum Ukrainian Steel Trade Association (Ukrmetalurgprom) txheeb cais, ua ntej Lub Ob Hlis 2022, Ukraine muaj ntau tshaj 10 loj thiab nruab nrab steel mills, nrog rau tag nrho cov crude steel muaj peev xwm ntawm 25.3 lab tonnes, thiab tom qab qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb lub teb chaws. Tsuas yog rau qhov seem steel mills muaj tag nrho cov khoom siv roj av muaj peev xwm ntawm 17 lab tonnes.Txawm li cas los xij, raws li tsab ntawv tshaj tawm tshiab ntawm World Steel Association cov lus ceeb toom luv luv ntawm kev thov kev kwv yees tau tshaj tawm thaum Lub Kaum Hli xyoo no, kev txhim kho ntawm Ukraine txoj kev lag luam steel yog maj mam txhim kho thiab ruaj khov.Qhov no tuaj yeem muab kev txhawb nqa rau kev rov qab los ntawm lub teb chaws kev lag luam steel.
Kev tsim kho dua tshiab pab kev xav tau steel txhim kho.
Steel xav tau nyob rau hauv Ukraine tau txhim kho, tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm lub teb chaws txoj kev tsim kho, ntawm lwm yam.Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Ukrainian Iron thiab Steel Trade Association tau qhia tias Ukraine cov khoom siv hlau tsis zoo hauv thawj 10 lub hlis ntawm 2023 yog 5.16 lab tonnes, nqis 11.7% xyoo-rau-xyoo;npua hlau ntau lawm yog 4.91 lab tonnes, nqis 15.6% xyoo-rau-xyoo;thiab steel ntau lawm yog 4.37 lab tonnes, nqis 13% xyoo-rau-xyoo.Rau lub sijhawm ntev, txog 80% ntawm Ukraine cov khoom siv hlau tau raug xa tawm.Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo dhau los, vim yog ob npaug ntawm freight railway tariffs thiab blockade ntawm ports nyob rau hauv lub Dub hiav txwv cheeb tsam, lub teb chaws cov tuam txhab steel tau poob yooj yim thiab pheej yig export channel.
Tom qab kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub zog infrastructure, ntau lub teb chaws cov tuam txhab steel raug yuam kom kaw.Txawm li cas los xij, nrog Ukrainian zog system rov qab ua haujlwm, feem ntau ntawm lub teb chaws cov neeg tsim hluav taws xob tam sim no muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li kev lag luam hluav taws xob xav tau, tab sis tseem xav tau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.Tsis tas li ntawd, lub teb chaws txoj kev lag luam steel tau ceev nrooj los txhim kho nws cov saw hlau thiab qhia txog kev thauj mus los tshiab.Tam sim no, qee lub teb chaws cov lag luam tau rov tsim kho kev xa khoom xa tawm los ntawm European seaports thiab qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm Izmir nyob rau sab Danube nyob rau yav qab teb Ukraine, ua kom muaj peev xwm yooj yim.
Lub lag luam tseem ceeb rau Ukrainian steel thiab metallurgical khoom yeej ib txwm yog European Union cheeb tsam, thiab cov khoom xa tawm tseem ceeb suav nrog cov hlau ore, cov khoom tiav ib nrab, thiab lwm yam.Yog li ntawd, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Ukrainian steel kev lag luam nyob ntawm ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov nyiaj txiag teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub EU cheeb tsam.Txij li thaum pib ntawm 2023, cuaj lub tuam txhab loj nyob sab Europe steel tau tshaj tawm qhov rov pib dua lossis kho dua tshiab ntawm lawv cov peev txheej tsim khoom, vim tias cov khoom lag luam ntawm qee cov neeg muag khoom nyob sab Europe tau ploj mus rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2022.Nrog rau kev rov qab los ntawm cov hlau ntau lawm, cov khoom siv steel nqi tau pom qhov kev xav tau ntawm cov hlau ore los ntawm European steel tuam txhab.Vim yog qhov thaiv ntawm Black Sea ports, EU kev lag luam tseem tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb rau Ukrainian hlau ore tuam txhab.Raws li Ukrainian Steel Trade Association kwv yees, nyob rau hauv 2023, lub teb chaws exports ntawm steel khoom yuav ncav cuag 53%, restarting shipping yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv;tag nrho cov hlau ntau lawm kuj tseem yuav nce mus rau 6.5 lab tonnes, qhov chaw nres nkoj hiav txwv tom qab qhib qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm ob npaug.
Qee lub tuam txhab tau pib tsim cov phiaj xwm rov pib ua haujlwm.
Txawm hais tias nws nyuaj rau Ukraine cov hlau tsim kom sai sai rov qab mus rau theem ua ntej qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb tshwm sim, qee lub tuam txhab hauv lub tebchaws tau pib tsim cov phiaj xwm rov pib tsim khoom.
Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Ukrainian Steel Trade Association qhia tau hais tias nyob rau hauv 2022, qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo muaj peev xwm siv tus nqi ntawm Ukrainian steel kev lag luam yuav tsuas yog 30%.Lub teb chaws txoj kev lag luam steel tab tom qhia thawj cov cim ntawm kev txhim kho hauv 2023 raws li kev siv hluav taws xob ruaj khov.Nyob rau lub Ob Hlis 2023, cov khoom siv roj av ntawm Ukrainian steel cov tuam txhab tau nce 49.3% nyob rau ib hlis, nce mus txog 424,000 tons;cov hlau tso zis tau nce los ntawm 30% lub hli-rau-hli, mus txog 334,000 tons.
Lub teb chaws cov tuam txhab mining tau cog lus los kho cov khoom siv ntau lawm.Tam sim no, plaub lub tuam txhab mining thiab ua lag luam nyob rau hauv Metinvest Group tseem tsim tau ib txwm, nrog rau kev siv peev xwm ntawm 25% mus rau 40%.Cov pab pawg npaj yuav rov ua kom muaj peev xwm rov qab mus rau 30% ntawm qib kev sib cav ua ntej thaum tsom mus rau kev tsim cov pellet.Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 2023, qhov thib ob pellet ntau lawm kab ntawm Ferrexpo, uas ua lag luam hlau ore mining hauv Ukraine, tau muab tso rau hauv kev ua haujlwm.Tam sim no, lub tuam txhab muaj tag nrho ntawm 4 pellet ntau lawm kab nyob rau hauv ntau lawm, thiab lub peev xwm siv tus nqi tau pib mus txog 50%.
Cov tuam txhab lag luam hauv cov chaw tsim khoom loj steel tseem ntsib ntau yam txaus ntshai
Raws li qhov xwm txheej tam sim no muaj kev txhawj xeeb, hauv thaj chaw tsim cov hlau tseem ceeb ntawm Ukraine xws li Zaporozh, Krivoy Rog, Nikopol, Dnipro, thiab Kamiansk, tseem muaj cov tuam txhab hlau tseem tab tom ntsib cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.Kev pheej hmoo xws li kev puas tsuaj thiab kev cuam tshuam kev thauj mus los.
Kev lag luam rov tsim dua tshiab nyiam ntau qhov kev nqis peev txawv teb chaws
Txawm hais tias Russia-Ukraine tsis sib haum xeeb tau ua rau poob loj heev rau Ukrainian steel kev lag luam, Ukrainian steel tuam txhab uas muag tseem muaj kev ntseeg siab txog yav tom ntej.Cov tub ua lag luam txawv teb chaws tseem muaj kev cia siab txog lub peev xwm ntawm Ukraine txoj kev lag luam steel.Qee cov kws tshaj lij kwv yees tias kev tsim kho dua tshiab ntawm Ukraine kev lag luam steel yuav nyiam ntau txhiab lab nyiaj daus las hauv kev nqis peev.
Thaum lub Tsib Hlis 2023, ntawm Lub Rooj Sib Tham Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam uas muaj nyob rau hauv Kiev, SMC, ib lub koom haum ntawm Metinvest Group, tau tshaj tawm txoj kev tsim kho lub tebchaws hu ua "Steel Dream".Lub tuam txhab npaj tsim 13 hom steel qauv vaj tsev, suav nrog cov tsev nyob (dormitories thiab tsev so), social infrastructure vaj tsev (tsev kawm ntawv, kindergartens, chaw kho mob), nrog rau cov chaw nres tsheb, chaw ua si thiab chaw nyob hauv av.SMC kwv yees tias Ukraine yuav xav tau txog 3.5 lab tons ntawm cov hlau rau kev tsim kho vaj tsev nyob hauv tsev thiab kev tsim kho vaj tse, uas yuav siv sijhawm li 5 txog 10 xyoo.Hauv rau lub hlis dhau los, kwv yees li 50 tus neeg koom tes hauv lub tebchaws tau koom nrog Steel Dream teg num, suav nrog steel mills, rooj tog manufacturers thiab cov neeg tsim khoom tsim khoom.
Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 2023, Kaus Lim Qab Teb Posco Holdings Group tau tsim tshwj xeeb rau "Ukraine Rov Qab" ua haujlwm pab pawg, tsom mus rau cov haujlwm muaj feem xyuam hauv tsib thaj chaw loj suav nrog Ukrainian steel, nplej, cov khoom siv roj teeb thib ob, lub zog thiab kev tsim kho vaj tse.Posco Holdings npaj yuav koom nrog hauv zos ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg steelmaking tej yaam num.Kaus Lim Qab Teb thiab Ukraine tseem yuav koom tes tshawb nrhiav cov qauv kev tsim kho rau cov qauv hlau, yog li txo lub sijhawm tsim kho ntawm kev tsim kho dua tshiab.Raws li txoj kev tsim kho tshiab, kev tsim kho modular thawj zaug prefabricates 70% mus rau 80% ntawm cov khoom siv hlau hauv lub Hoobkas thiab tom qab ntawd thauj lawv mus rau qhov chaw rau kev sib dhos.Qhov no tuaj yeem txo lub sijhawm tsim kho los ntawm 60%, thiab cov khoom siv hlau kuj tuaj yeem siv tau zoo.
Thaum Lub Rau Hli 2023, ntawm lub rooj sib tham txog kev rov qab los ntawm Ukraine nyob rau hauv London, England, Metinvest Group thiab Primetals Technologies tau koom nrog "Green Recovery of the Ukrainian Steel Industry" platform.Lub platform yog ib tug thawj coj ntawm Ukrainian tsoom fwv thiab lub hom phiaj los txhawb lub reconstruction ntawm lub teb chaws steel kev lag luam thiab thaum kawg revitalize Ukrainian kev lag luam los ntawm kev hloov ntsuab ntawm cov hlau kev lag luam.
Nws tau kwv yees tias nws yuav raug nqi rau Ukraine US $ 20 billion rau US $ 40 billion los tsim kom muaj cov saw hlau ntsuab ntsuab.Thaum tus nqi saw tiav lawm, Ukraine yuav tsum tsim kom txog li 15 lab tons ntawm "ntsuab steel" ib xyoos twg.
Post lub sij hawm: Nov-20-2023